Qawwali: The Music of the Sufis

Originating in India and Pakistan, Qawwali is a deeply spiritual form of Islamic devotional music associated with the Sufi tradition. Its roots trace back to the 11th century practice of sama, later refined and popularized in the 13th century by Amir Khusru, who masterfully blended Persian, Turkish, and Indian musical elements.

Traditionally performed by a lead vocalist accompanied by harmonium, tabla, and a chorus, Qawwali thrives on improvisation, repetition, and call-and-response. These elements invite communal participation and gradually lead performers and audiences into a trance-like spiritual state. Themes often include praise of Sufi saints, martyrs, and heartfelt devotion to the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ.

In the modern era, Qawwali gained international recognition through legendary artists such as Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, who introduced this sacred art to global audiences while preserving its spiritual essence.